1. 50.

2. 49.

3. 48.

4. 47.

5. Aşağıdaki soruları parçaya göre cevaplandırınız. James Joyce was born in Dublin of a middle-class Catholic family. (46) — his mother was a devout Catholic, his father was a man who was opposed to the Church and fiercely objected to the interference (47) — the Catholic clergy in Irish politics. Joyce attended Clongowes Wood College for several years, but (48) — to leave when his family fell upon increasing economic hardship. Then, he attended a Christian Brothers school, Belvedere College and later University College Dublin, where he (49) — modern European languages. He left Ireland for Paris but returned to Dublin for a short while (50)— learning that his mother was dying. 46.

6. Aşağıdaki soruları parçaya göre cevaplandırınız. I was at Manchester’s Bridgewater Hall last week to hear an all- Byrd programme performed to a packed hall. This would have been unimaginable (41)— 20 years ago. Not surprisingly, a good (42) — of the audience applauded in the wrong places. I regard this as good news (43) — bad news. This was a new audience (44) — to a concert hall by CD recordings and I (45) — the experience of being a part of it. 41.

7. 42.

8. 43.

9. 44.

10. 45.

11. 40.

12. 39.

13. 38.

14. Aşağıdaki soruları parçaya göre cevaplandırınız. Until the middle of the nineteenth century, most Americans were indifferent to paint. Wood was plentiful and cheap especially on the frontier; (36) —, most settlers had to chop down trees to clear their land. (37) — eager to start farming, they used their wood to build their cabins as cheaply and quickly as possible. If they had painted their buildings, this (38) — their durability; (39) — painting was an expensive and time-consuming job. There were (40) — more urgent calls upon their time and their money. 36.

15. 37.

16. 35.

17. 34.

18. 33.

19. 32.

20. 28.

21. 29.

22. 30.

23. Aşağıdaki soruları parçaya göre cevaplandırınız. When the rage for orchids hit Europe in the nineteenth century, collectors immediately realized that greenhouses were needed to provide (31) — growing conditions. (32) — greenhouses were a luxury (33) — the very wealthy. But before long, greenhouses (34) — mass produced, (35) — made them more affordable for orchid lovers of modest means. 31.

24. 27.

25. Aşağıdaki soruları parçaya göre cevaplandırınız. Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) was a sage, not a scientist, but he was more keenly interested in the scientific advances of his day than is commonly realized. One of his early aspirations was to be “a naturalist”, and he started his career (26) — a lecturer-essayist by giving talks on natural science, (27) — one focused on the chemical composition of water. (28) — Emerson went on to make his mark primarily in the areas of literature, religion, philosophy and social reform, he remained an eager lifelong student of both traditional and contemporary natural and social science. To date, however, this side of Emerson’s thought and life (29) — only a handful of significant scholarly discussions. Emerson’s Life in Science is the best of the books (30) — this aspect of Emerson that have marked the bicentennial of his birth, and it is one that will endure. 26.